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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. ROSEBR UGH. INDUCED GURRENTTBLBGRAPH.

No. 440,199. Patentd Nov, 11, 1890.

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v A. M. ROSE-BRUGH.

INDUCED CURRENT TELEGRAPH.

No. 440.199. Patented Non-11, I890.

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A. MR SBBRUGH. INDUGED-GURR'ENT TELEGRAPH.

No 440,199. Patented Nov. 11, 1890.

UNIT D STATES PATENT Urrrcn.

ABNER M. ROSEBRUGH, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

INDUCED-CURRENT TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 440,199, dated November 11, 1890.

Application filed February 3, 1886. $erial No. 190,716. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABNER M. ROSEBRUGH, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Toronto, in the Province of Ontario, Dominion of Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Induced-Current Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

telegraph system with the ordinary Morse single or multiplex system, so as to be able to use the two simultaneously on the same wires. Anyinduced-current generator may be used, and the transmitting-key may be placed either in the local primary or in the secondary circuit. The receiving electro-magnet or relay is made with short coils and cores, the latter being by preference slightly magnetized.

Figure 1 represents the induced-current telegraph as arranged for single transmission. Fig. 2 represents an imluced-current repeater. Fig. 3 represents a duplex receiver. Figs. 4 and 5 represent an induced-current telegraph combined with the ordinary Morse telegraph. Figs. 6 and 7 represent a magneto-electric generator and connections. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 represent the combination of tele-' phonic with induced-current telegraphic apparatus.

In Fig. 1 A and B are two stations equipped with my induced-current apparatus. L is the line; I, the inductorium-transmitter; Re, the relay-receiver, and S the sounder. Rh is a rheotome in the primary circuit of the inductorium; LB, the local battery, and K the transmitter-key. The wires 8 and 9 shunt or short circuit the secondary coil of the inductorium, when the switch Sw makes contact with the point 21, and 15 and 18 are the wires of the sounder S, and LB the local battery. The battery is connected with the sounder on one side and with the armature of the relay on the other in the usual manner. 31 is the front contact-point of the relay, and is connected with the other pole of the sounder by wire 18. 30 is a spring attached to the armature-lever to give a yielding contact. M is an adjustable permanent magnet to magnetize the relay.

The operation is as follows: The primary circuit of the inductorium is closed by means of the switch Sw. This puts the rheotome in action when the transmitting-keyis depressed, and an undulatory induced current is sent to line. On reaching the distant relay its armature is caused to vibrate in 'proximity to the core or cores of said relay, and this vibration closes the sounder-circuit and it remains closed while the vibrations continue, as the interruptions in the primary circuit of the transmitter are so rapid that the resulting secondary currents are practically continuous as long as the key remains closed to produce the signal. The lever of the distant sounder follows the movement of the home key the same as in ordinary Morse transmission; and this is accomplished by, first, making the transmitting-key a circuit-closer when the same is depressed, and, secondly, by connecting the sounder-circuit with the front local point of the relay and making the contact a yielding one. By means of the switch $10 or its equivalent the resistance of the secondary coil of the inductoriuin is not interposed in the circuit, except during the transmission of a message. At other times it is shunted or short-circuited. Short-circuiting or shunting of the secondary wire to remove the resistance thereof from the line when receiving may also be eifected automatically by means of the transmitting-key, as shown in Fig. 1, where the key K'normally rests in contact with a line N, connected to the ground, and in Fig. 6, where the key K while a message is being received rests upon a contact 21 of the ground-line 8,0r bymeans of the sounder-lever in repeated circuits, as represented in Fig. '2, where the armature-lever 24 normally rests upon contact 25, connected directly with the ground through the wire 27 and one of the binding-posts of the inductorium.

In long distances it is an advantage to divide the line into two or more circuits and using translators or repeaters. Thus in Fig.

2 I have shown my invention as applied to such use, and'in said Fig. 2 O is a repeatingstation. E is the wire east, and W the wire west. Re is the relay of the wire east, and R62 the relay of the Wire west. E and 11E are the primary Wires of inductorium I in the line east, and 10w and 1120 are the pri mary wires of the inductorium I in Wire west. R1) is a repeater from the east to the West circuit and R19 a repeater from the west to the east circuit. The repeater is formed by the contact-points ofthe armature-lever 24 of the sounder S and the front contact-point 26 of said sounder. These contact-points 25 and 26 control the primary circuit 10E and 11E of the inductorium. K is a transmittingkey in the primary of the inductorium. Wire 27 andcont'ac't 25 are for shunting theinductorium, when necessary.

The operationof the repeater is as follows: An operator on, say, line west depresses the key of his transmitter and keeps it depressed. This charges the inductorium with rapidlyi'nt'crrupt'ed primary'currents from the local battery, and-this causes undulatory or to-andfro induced currents to traverse the line. At the repeating-station this operates the relay R62, the'relay closes the sounder-circuit at the points 30 31,and the sounder S in turn closes the'repeater-circuit at the points 25 26, and the repeater B10 in turn closes the primary circuit of'the inductorium I on line east. This operates the inductoriu'm on line east, and

this'in turn operates the receiver at the dis tantstation on said line. At therepeating station the sounder-circuit is closed by the contact-points 30 and 31 of the relay, and the .inductorium primary circuit is closed by the In the repeater-circuits Iprefer to shunt or short-circuit the secondary of the inductorium to remove a resistance thereof from the circuit by means of the armature-lever and back-stops 25 of the repeater, as represented in Fig. 2, the wire 27 being connected with the back contact-point 25 of the repeater.

It is an advantage in some cases to have the home-relay neutral to outgoing currents. This I accomplish by using compensating coils in the relay, as indicated by Fig. 3. Re is the'relay, b the relay-coil, and 28 the compensat ng coil. The ends of the compensatingcoil are connected with the secondary of the inductorium. In this compensating circuit is inserted artificial resistance r and an electro-magnet EM, both preferably adjustable, the latter adjustable by a movable core, and these constitute the artificial line of the ordinary differential relay. The artificial resistance is placed on the ground side 1101": coil 28, and may, if desired, be connected with the ground direct.

It will be understood that the current from the induction coil divides, part passing through the coil 1) to line and part through the compensating coil 28 in an opposite direction, and through the magnet and resistance of the artificial line to ground in the usual manner.

In combining my induction-telegraph system with the Morse telegraph I adopt either of the following methods, namely: First, placing a differentially-wound receiver in the main line and bridging one of the coils with a condenser, as represented in Fig. 4, or, seeondly, bridging an electro-magnet inserted in the main line with the inductiomtelegrap'h apparatus, as represented in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 4 Dis atelegraph-line; K, aMorse key; R, a relay or telegraph-receiver; MB,a main-line battery, and Re a differentiallywound receiver, all in the main line. The bridging-circuit is arranged so as to shunt the Morse key, the telegraph-receiver, and

one coil of the differentially-wound receiver, as represented. In the bridging-circuit are inserted a condenser, as indicated at F, and an inductorium, as indicated at I, the local circuit not being represented.

In Fig. 5' D is a telegraph-line, and EM an electro-magnet inserted therein, whichlatter may be a telegraph-receiver. The induction-current-telegraph apparatus forms a bridge or shunt around this electro-mag'net. Re is the induced-current receiver, I the inductorium, and F and F the protecting-condensers. Of course any circuit-breakers or any other electro-magnets in the main line must also be bridged by condensers. The operation of these arrangements will be readily seen from inspection, it being understood that the condensers are practically opaque to the passage of the Morse galvanic signals, while the electro-magnets are opaque to the passage of the high-tension inducedcurrents from the inductorium. By this arrangement induced currents may be superimposed upon the Morse circuit without interference, and the two currents may be used simultaneously so as to constitute a multiple telegraph.

The differentially-wound receivers, as well as the other receivers used for the inducedcurrent telegraph, are preferably made with soft-ironcores, and said cores are magnetized by induction, as indicated at Re and M, Figs. 1 and 5, and the inductors are by preference made adjustable.

When a magneto-electric generator is used instead of a rh'eotome and inductorium, the connections with the transmitting key are preferably those represented in Figs. 6 and 7. Dy is the generator, 2' is the pole to earth, and t" the pole to line. G is the ground, and

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L the line. K is the transmitting-key, which is also an automatic shunt-that is, it shunts .the generator when the key is open.

In Fig. 6 the coil of the generatoris shunted so that no current goes to line when the key makes contact at 21 through wire 8, and in Fig. 7 the shunt is made by the switch Sw and wire 8 to ground.

I do not claim the arrangement of the condensers, as illustrated in Fig. 5, as such arrangement is covered by Patent No. 329,956, issued to me November 10, 1885.

In Fig. 8 I is an indictorium, with a rheotome Rh, and Be an induced-current relay. 1' is a supplemental inductorium, with its rheotome Rh, and tel is a magneto-telephone. The inductorium I is smaller than I, and the vibrator of the rheotome Rh is shorter than that of rheotome Rh. By means of the smaller inductorium I,I propose to send a current to line of a strength insufficient to effect the inducted current relays, but of sufficient strength to be heard in the magneto -telephones. By making the vibrators of the rheotomes of different lengths the signals of the different instruments may be differentiated by means of the telephone. All the transmitting-keys must of course be in the primary circuits of the induction-coils. The magneto-telephone may also be used as a receiver in the absence of the relay and sounder.

It will be seen that while there are two induced currents passing over the same line, the currents produced by one of the inductorium-transmitters are so weak that they do not operate the relay Re, but will be heard in the telephone-receiver, while the stronger induced currents will operate the relay and be read from it or the sounder connected to it. I also propose to combine induced-currenttelegraph apparatus with the ordinary telephonic transmitting and receiving apparatus so that either may be used at pleasure, as represented in Fig. 9. Thus I is an induct orium, Rh, its rheotome, and Re the inducedcurrent relay. L is the line, and G the ground. tel is a telephone, and Tr a telephonic transmitter. Sw is a switch, by means of which either the telegraphic or the telephonic apparatus may be inserted into the circuit at pleasure. This combination may also be used when induced-current apparatus is used on the Morse telegraph-wires. In this case the rheotome and secondary-current relay may be used as a telephone-signal, as represented in Fig. 10, D D being the telegraph-wire, EM the electro-magnetic deflector in the main line, and L and G the two poles of the bridging telephonic circuit. Of course the Morse instruments in the line will be bridged by condensers, as represented in Fig. 5, and as covered by my patent, No. 329,956.

In this specification I refer only to the use of a rheotome for rapidly interrupting the primary circuit of the inductorium; but it is to be understood that any form of circuitinterrupter may be used for this purpose without departing from the spirit of this invention.

I claim-- 1. In an inducedcurrent telegraph, the combination, with the inductorium'and circuit-closing key in the primary circuit thereof, a rheotome or its equivalent in said primary circuit, and a secondary circuit, of the inductorium in the line and a shunt around said inductorium, substantially as described.

2. In an induced-current telegraph, the combination, with the inductorium, rheotome, and primary-circuit key, of a relay, the armature of which forms part of the local circuit of the sounder and closes the same when on its front contact, substantially as described.

3. In an induced-current telegraph, the combination, with the relay adapted to respond to the induced currents, of an armature forming part of the local sounder-circuit when on its front contact, said armature being provided with a yielding or spring contact-piece, substantially as described.

4:. In an induced-current telegraph, the combination, with the inductorium, the secondary of which is in line, of a primary contaiuing a rheotome or its equivalent and key, a shunt in the main line around the inductorium, and a relay, the armature of which forms a part of the sounder-circuit when on its front contact and which is provided with a yielding contact-piece, substantially as described.

5. In an induced-current telegraph, the combination, with the relay and armature forming part of the sounder-circuit when on its front stop, of a sounder, the armaturelever of which forms part of the primary circuit of an inductorium in another line, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with a Morse tele graph, of an induced-current telegraph having an inductorium, the secondary of which is in the line and the primary of which includes a key and rheotome or its equivalent, a differential receiver in the main line, and a condenser bridging one of the coils of said receiver, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

A. M. ROSEBRUGH.

Witnesses:

A. RAINs, G. BANKS. 

